Sabtu, 08 April 2017

My Unforgettable Experience


Hello everybody now I want to tell you about my unforgettable experience when I was in senior high school
That was my first day at senior high school. I studied at 36 senior high school. That was the first flag ceremony in that school year. I felt so nervous because I would face orientation program for several days ahead. Some new students came late so that they would get punishment before they could enter the gate.
After the flag ceremony, I immediately went to the classroom. I saw the awkward atmosphere of the classroom. I didn’t know anyone of them. It seemed that no one was my schoolmate in Junior High School. I chose to sit in the front side. There was still empty seat. Then, someone came and sat beside me. She was Dika. She was my chairmate. She was more talkative than me. She helped me to melt the situation. She was so funny, too. I was so happy to have her as my chairmate.
I was enjoying my conversation with Dika when suddenly my seniors came to the classroom. They appointed me to come in front of the classroom and asked me to introduce myself. I was shocked. I stood up and started to introduce myself. After I had introduced myself, they still didn’t allow me to sit down. They asked me to still stand up there. I was so afraid. I wondered what they were going to do.
Until the last student finishing his introduction, I still stood up. Few minutes later, one of my senior, began a conversation with me. He said that I was looked unconfident with myself, so that they asked me to stand up. They wanted me to see all of the students from in front and felt that everything’s okay. I didn’t have to worry anything and I should stood and introduce myself confidently. I felt touched because of their way. They paid so much attention on me. Then, they allowed me to sit down. I felt so relieved. I will never forget that moment.


Sabtu, 01 April 2017

Direct and Indirect Speech Dalam Bentuk Kalimat Pertanyaan

A. Direct Speech

Direct Speech adalah suatu kalimat pertanyaan yang diajukan secara langsung dan diakhiri oleh tanda tanya.  Kebalikan direct question  ialah indirect question.
Direct question ditandai oleh intonasi naik, inverted word order pada auxiliary verb (primary: be, do, have, atau modal: will, would, may, might, can, could, etc) atau linking verb “be” (sebagai main verb) yang mendahului subjek kalimat, dan/atau question word (what, where,when, why, which, who, whom, whose, how) di depan kalimat.

Macam dan Contoh Kalimat Direct Question
Macam
Contoh Kalimat
Yes-No Question
(menggunakan auxiliary atau linking verb untuk meminta jawaban “yes” atau “no”)
Have you been to Lombok?

Do you need some help with studies?

Is this yours?

Wh-Question
(menggunakan question word dan auxiliary atau linking verb “be” untuk meminta informasi)
Why did you resign from your job?

What is your preferred field of work?

Alternative Question
(menggunakan “or” untuk meminta pendengar untuk memilih)
Should I continue to work or return to school?


B. Indirect Speech

Indirect speech adalah bentuk pernyataan yang mengungkapkan pertanyaan orang lain yang telah dikatakan secara langsung dengan mengubah format pembicaraan tersebut sehingga menjadi lebih jelas, alami, dan efisien bagi pendengarnya.

Rumus Indirect Question
Berbeda dengan direct question yang subject dan verb-nya bertukar posisi, subject pada indirect question diletakkan sebelum verb. Adapun rumus indirect question pada yes/no question (pertanyaan yang meminta jawaban ya/tidak) dan wh-question (pertanyaan akan informasi) adalah sebagai berikut

Yes/No Question
Introductory Clause + if/whether + S + V*

Wh- Question
Introductory Clause + Wh-word** + S + V*

Catatan:
*Verb tense pada indirect question disesuaikan dengan versi direct question-nya.
**Wh-word terdiri dari: whatwhowherewhywhenhowwhich, dan turunannya.

Contoh Perbedaan Direct Question dan Indirect Question


Direct Question
Indirect Question
Yes-No Question
The teacher asked, “Have you finished your homework?”

The teacher asked the students if they had finished their
homework.
Keterangan:
  • direct question: have finished
  • indirect question: had finished
“Did you see my wallet?” asked Gery.
Gery wanted to know if I’d seen his wallet.
Lia asked, “Are you happy now?”

Lia asked (me) whether I was happy at that time.
Keterangan:
  • direct question: now
  • indirect question: at that time
Wh-Question
Yogi asked, “Who is that girl?”
Yogi asked (me) who that girl was.
Tita asked, “Where does the old man live?”
Tita asked (me) where the old man lived.
Her brother wondered, “Why do you think the book very is interesting?”
Her brother wondered why she thought the book was interesting.



Direct and Indirect Speech Dalam Bentuk Present

A. Pengertian Direct and Indirect Speech    
Direct speech adalah suatu kalimat yang diucapkan secara langsung oleh pembicara yang dalam penulisannya disertai dengan tanda aphostrof (“) di awal dan akhir kalimatnya sebagaimana teks dialog atau percakapan.
             Indirect speech adalah suatu kalimat yang menggambarkan perkataan orang lain atau dirinya sendiri secara tidak langsung (tidak persis seperti yang dikatakan pada saat diucapkan).
Baik kalimat direct maupun indirect speech terdiri dari dua unsur yakni induk kalimat dan anak kalimat.

B. Aturan Perubahan Direct and Indirect Speech Bentuk Present
1. Tenses

No
DIRECT
INDIRECT
1
Simple Present
Simple past
2
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
3
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
4
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous

2. Keterangan waktu dan tempat

No
DIRECT
INDIRECT
1
Now
Then
2
Tomorrow
The following day
3
Yesterday
The day before
4
Next week
The following week
5
Tonight/Today
That night/That day
6
Here
There
7
This
That
8
These
Those

3. To Be & Auxiliary Verbs
No
DIRECT
INDIRECT
1
Am/is/are
Was/were
2
Shall/will
Should/would
3
Can
Could
4
May
Might
5
Must have
Had to

Contoh :
-Simple Present

 Direct   :  He told me, “I go to work everyday.”
Indirect : He told me that he went to work everyday.

-Present Continuous
Direct   : She told me, “I am playing music now”.
Indirect : She told me that she was playing music then.

-Present Perfect
Direct   : They told me. “We have bought a car”.
Indirect : They told me that they had bought a car.

-Present Perfect Continuous
Direct : He said “We have been living here for three years”.
Indirect : He said that they had been living there for three years.






Direct and Indirect Speech Dalam Bentuk Past

A. Pengertian Direct and Indirect Speech    
Direct speech adalah suatu kalimat yang diucapkan secara langsung oleh pembicara yang dalam penulisannya disertai dengan tanda aphostrof (“) di awal dan akhir kalimatnya sebagaimana teks dialog atau percakapan.
             Indirect speech adalah suatu kalimat yang menggambarkan perkataan orang lain atau dirinya sendiri secara tidak langsung (tidak persis seperti yang dikatakan pada saat diucapkan).
Baik kalimat direct maupun indirect speech terdiri dari dua unsur yakni induk kalimat dan anak kalimat.

B. Aturan Perubahan Direct and Indirect Speech Bentuk Past
1. Tenses

No
DIRECT
INDIRECT
1
Simple Past
Past Perfect
2
Past Continuous
Past Continuous
3
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
4
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous

2. Keterangan waktu dan tempat

No
DIRECT
INDIRECT
1
Now
Then
2
Tomorrow
The following day
3
Yesterday
The day before
4
Next week
The following week
5
Tonight/Today
That night/That day
6
Here
There
7
This
That
8
These
Those

3. To Be & Auxiliary Verbs
No
DIRECT
INDIRECT
1
Am/is/are
Was/were
2
Shall/will
Should/would
3
Can
Could
4
May
Might
5
Must have
Had to

Contoh :
-Simple Past menjadi Past Perfect
Direct   : He told me, “I went to Bandung yesterday”.
Indirect : He told me that he had gone to Bandung yesterday.

-Past continuous tense
Direct   : He said “I was reading an English novels”.
Indirect : He said that he had been reading English novels.

-Past Perfect
Direct   : He said, “I had bought a book”
Indirect : He said that he had bought a book


http://inggrisonline.com/pengertian-perubahan-rumus-direct-indirect-speech-dan-contoh-kalimat/