A. Direct Speech
Direct Speech adalah suatu kalimat pertanyaan yang diajukan secara langsung dan diakhiri oleh tanda tanya. Kebalikan direct question ialah indirect question.
Direct question ditandai oleh intonasi naik, inverted word order pada auxiliary verb (primary: be, do, have, atau modal: will, would, may, might, can, could, etc) atau linking verb “be” (sebagai main verb) yang mendahului subjek kalimat, dan/atau question word (what, where,when, why, which, who, whom, whose, how) di depan kalimat.
Macam dan Contoh Kalimat Direct Question
Macam
|
Contoh Kalimat
|
Yes-No Question
(menggunakan auxiliary atau linking verb untuk meminta jawaban “yes” atau “no”) |
Have you been to Lombok?
|
Do you need some help with studies?
| |
Is this yours?
| |
Wh-Question
(menggunakan question word dan auxiliary atau linking verb “be” untuk meminta informasi) |
Why did you resign from your job?
|
What is your preferred field of work?
| |
Alternative Question
(menggunakan “or” untuk meminta pendengar untuk memilih) |
Should I continue to work or return to school?
|
B. Indirect Speech
Indirect speech adalah bentuk pernyataan yang mengungkapkan pertanyaan orang lain yang telah dikatakan secara langsung dengan mengubah format pembicaraan tersebut sehingga menjadi lebih jelas, alami, dan efisien bagi pendengarnya.
Rumus Indirect Question
Berbeda dengan direct question yang subject dan verb-nya bertukar posisi, subject pada indirect question diletakkan sebelum verb. Adapun rumus indirect question pada yes/no question (pertanyaan yang meminta jawaban ya/tidak) dan wh-question (pertanyaan akan informasi) adalah sebagai berikut
Yes/No Question
Introductory Clause + if/whether + S + V*
|
Wh- Question
Introductory Clause + Wh-word** + S + V*
|
Catatan:
*Verb tense pada indirect question disesuaikan dengan versi direct question-nya.
**Wh-word terdiri dari: what, who, where, why, when, how, which, dan turunannya.
Contoh Perbedaan
Direct Question dan Indirect Question
Direct Question
|
Indirect Question
|
Yes-No Question
|
|
The teacher
asked, “Have you finished your homework?”
|
The teacher
asked the students if they had finished their
homework.
Keterangan:
|
“Did you see
my wallet?” asked Gery.
|
Gery wanted
to know if I’d seen his wallet.
|
Lia asked,
“Are you happy now?”
|
Lia asked
(me) whether I was happy at that time.
Keterangan:
|
Wh-Question
|
|
Yogi asked,
“Who is that girl?”
|
Yogi asked
(me) who that girl was.
|
Tita asked,
“Where does the old man live?”
|
Tita asked
(me) where the old man lived.
|
Her brother
wondered, “Why do you think the book very is interesting?”
|
Her brother
wondered why she thought the book was interesting.
|
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar