Direct and Indirect Speech Dalam Bentuk Present

A. Pengertian Direct and Indirect Speech    

Direct speech adalah suatu kalimat yang diucapkan secara langsung oleh pembicara yang dalam penulisannya disertai dengan tanda aphostrof (“) di awal dan akhir kalimatnya sebagaimana teks dialog atau percakapan.
             Indirect speech adalah suatu kalimat yang menggambarkan perkataan orang lain atau dirinya sendiri secara tidak langsung (tidak persis seperti yang dikatakan pada saat diucapkan).

Baik kalimat direct maupun indirect speech terdiri dari dua unsur yakni induk kalimat dan anak kalimat.

B. Aturan Perubahan Direct and Indirect Speech Bentuk Present

1. Tenses

No	DIRECT	INDIRECT
1	Simple Present	Simple past
2	Present Continuous	Past Continuous
3	Present Perfect	Past Perfect
4	Present Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous

2. Keterangan waktu dan tempat

No	DIRECT	INDIRECT
1	Now	Then
2	Tomorrow	The following day
3	Yesterday	The day before
4	Next week	The following week
5	Tonight/Today	That night/That day
6	Here	There
7	This	That
8	These	Those

3. To Be & Auxiliary Verbs

No	DIRECT	INDIRECT
1	Am/is/are	Was/were
2	Shall/will	Should/would
3	Can	Could
4	May	Might
5	Must have	Had to

Contoh :

-Simple Present

 Direct   :  He told me, “I go to work everyday.”

Indirect : He told me that he went to work everyday.

-Present Continuous

Direct   : She told me, “I am playing music now”.

Indirect : She told me that she was playing music then.

-Present Perfect

Direct   : They told me. “We have bought a car”.

Indirect : They told me that they had bought a car.

-Present Perfect Continuous

Direct : He said “We have been living here for three years”.

Indirect : He said that they had been living there for three years.

Source : http://inggrisonline.com/pengertian-perubahan-rumus-direct-indirect-speech-dan-contoh-kalimat/

https://dwikacahayu.wordpress.com/2012/03/25/direct-indirect-speech/

Direct and Indirect Speech Dalam Bentuk Past

A. Pengertian Direct and Indirect Speech    

Direct speech adalah suatu kalimat yang diucapkan secara langsung oleh pembicara yang dalam penulisannya disertai dengan tanda aphostrof (“) di awal dan akhir kalimatnya sebagaimana teks dialog atau percakapan.
             Indirect speech adalah suatu kalimat yang menggambarkan perkataan orang lain atau dirinya sendiri secara tidak langsung (tidak persis seperti yang dikatakan pada saat diucapkan).

Baik kalimat direct maupun indirect speech terdiri dari dua unsur yakni induk kalimat dan anak kalimat.

B. Aturan Perubahan Direct and Indirect Speech Bentuk Past

1. Tenses

No	DIRECT	INDIRECT
1	Simple Past	Past Perfect
2	Past Continuous	Past Continuous
3	Past Perfect	Past Perfect
4	Past Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous

2. Keterangan waktu dan tempat

No	DIRECT	INDIRECT
1	Now	Then
2	Tomorrow	The following day
3	Yesterday	The day before
4	Next week	The following week
5	Tonight/Today	That night/That day
6	Here	There
7	This	That
8	These	Those

3. To Be & Auxiliary Verbs

No	DIRECT	INDIRECT
1	Am/is/are	Was/were
2	Shall/will	Should/would
3	Can	Could
4	May	Might
5	Must have	Had to

Contoh :

-Simple Past menjadi Past Perfect

Direct   : He told me, “I went to Bandung yesterday”.

Indirect : He told me that he had gone to Bandung yesterday.

-Past continuous tense

Direct   : He said “I was reading an English novels”.

Indirect : He said that he had been reading English novels.

-Past Perfect

Direct   : He said, “I had bought a book”

Indirect : He said that he had bought a book

Source : http://www.bahasainggrisoke.com/direct-and-indirect-speech-dan-contoh-pengertian-kalimat-terlengkap/

http://inggrisonline.com/pengertian-perubahan-rumus-direct-indirect-speech-dan-contoh-kalimat/

Direct and Indirect Speech Dalam Bentuk Future dan Imperative

Aturan Perubahan Direct and Indirect Speech Bentuk Future dan Imperative

A. Bentuk Future

No	DIRECT	INDIRECT
1	Simple Future	Past Future
2	Future Continuous	Past future continuous
3	Future Perfect	Past Future Perfect
4	Future Perfect Continuous	Past Future Perfect Continuous

Contoh :

-Simple Future

Direct   : He told me, “I will go to university next year”.

Indirect : He told me that he would go to university the following year.

-Future Continuous

Direct   : He said “I will be buying a book”

Indirect : He said that he would buy a book

-Future Perfect

Direct   : ”I will have bought a book”

Indirect : He said that he would have bought a book

B. Bentuk Imperative

Imperative adalah kalimat perintah yang bertujun untuk memerintahkan/ meminta seseorang melakukan sesuatu yang kita kehendaki. Dalam imperative kita tidak dianjurkan memakai subjek diawal kalimat, karena kalimat ini bersifat langsung kepada subjek namun tidak disebutkan subjeknya. Contohnya Ambilkan payung saya!. Tanda baca yang selalu digunakan dalam imperative adalah tanda baca seru (!) dan terdapat kata “please” yang biasanya diletakan diawal atau diakhir kalimat. Hal itu bertujuan mempertegas kalimat agar yang diperintah langsung melakukan perintah. Imperative mempunyai 2 (dua) pola dan berikut ini penjelasannya.

1. Imperative yang menggunakan kata kerja

Verb 1 + Object

Perhatikan contoh kalimatnya dibawah ini:

• Direct    : Miftah said, “cut the paper into two side and fold like me!”
  Indirect : Miftah said to cut the paper into two side and fold like him

• Direct    : Mr. Fairiz said me, “ Take me a cup of tea, now!”
  Indirect : Mr. Fairiz said me to Take him a cup of tea, then

2. Imperative yang menggunakan kata kerja bantu berupa “TO BE” disini kita hanya menggunkan “BE”

Be + Noun/ Adjective/ Adverb

Perhatikan contoh kalimatnya dibawah ini:

• Direct   : My mother said me, “Be my good daughter when I leave you alone at home!”
  Indirect : My mother said me to Be her good daughter when she left me alone at home!”

• Direct    : I said her, “be silent!”
  Indirect : I said her to be silent

Source : http://hindayani.com/cara-menggunakan-direct-and-indirect-speech-plus-contoh/

http://www.bahasainggrisoke.com/direct-and-indirect-speech-dan-contoh-pengertian-kalimat-terlengkap/

http://inggrisonline.com/pengertian-perubahan-rumus-direct-indirect-speech-dan-contoh-kalimat/

http://www.bahasainggrisoke.com/pengertian-pola-dan-contoh-kalimat-imperative-pada-direct-indirect-speech/